> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.kinetica.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Aggregation Functions

<a id="sql-aggregation-functions" />

These functions can be applied to [aggregate](/content/sql/query/aggregation#sql-aggregation)
data. They include:

* [Array Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/array-functions#sql-array-functions-agg)
* [Geospatial/Geometry Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/geospatial-geometry-functions#sql-geo-functions-aggregation)
* [JSON Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/json-functions#sql-json-functions-agg)
* [Lookup/Grouping Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/aggregation-functions#sql-lookup-functions-agg)
* [Math Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/math-functions#sql-math-functions-agg)
* [String Aggregation Functions](/content/sql/query/string-functions#sql-string-functions-agg)

<a id="sql-lookup-functions-agg" />

## Lookup/Grouping Functions

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="ARG_MAX(agg_expr, ret_expr)" id="arg_max-agg_expr-ret_expr" defaultOpen>
    The value of `ret_expr` where `agg_expr` is the maximum
    value (e.g. `ARG_MAX(cost, product_id)` returns the product
    ID of the highest cost product). `ARG_MAX(a, b)` is equivalent to
    `LAST(b, a)`.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="ARG_MIN(agg_expr, ret_expr)" id="arg_min-agg_expr-ret_expr" defaultOpen>
    The value of `ret_expr` where `agg_expr` is the minimum
    value (e.g. `ARG_MIN(cost, product_id)` returns the product
    ID of the lowest cost product). `ARG_MIN(a, b)` is equivalent to
    `FIRST(b, a)`.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="ATTR(expr)" id="attr-expr" defaultOpen>
    If `MIN(expr)` = `MAX(expr)`, returns `expr`; otherwise
    `*`

    <Info>
      `expr` must resolve to a string type, and must be casted
      to one, if not already
    </Info>
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="FIRST(ret_expr, agg_expr)" id="first-ret_expr-agg_expr" defaultOpen>
    The value of `ret_expr` where `agg_expr` is the minimum
    value (e.g. `FIRST(product_id, cost)` returns the product ID
    ID of the lowest cost product). `FIRST(a, b)` is equivalent to
    `ARG_MIN(b,a)`
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="GROUPING(expr)" id="grouping-expr" defaultOpen>
    Used primarily with [ROLLUP](/content/sql/query/grouping#sql-grouping-rollup),
    [CUBE](/content/sql/query/grouping#sql-grouping-cube), and
    [GROUPING SETS](/content/sql/query/grouping#sql-grouping-groupingsets), to distinguish the source of
    *null* values in an aggregated result set, returns whether
    `expr` is part of the aggregation set used to calculate the
    values in a given result set row.  Returns `0` if `expr`
    is part of the row's aggregation set, `1` if `expr` is not
    (meaning that aggregation took place across all `expr`
    values).

    For example, in a `ROLLUP(A)` operation, there will be two
    potential rows with *null* in the result set for column `A`.
    One row will contain *null* values of `A` aggregated
    together, and the other will contain *null*, but be an
    aggregation over the entire table, irrespective of `A`
    values.  In this case, `GROUPING(A)` will return `0` for
    the *null* values of `A` aggregated together (as well as all
    other grouped `A` values) and `1` for the row resulting
    from aggregating across all `A` values.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="LAST(ret_expr, agg_expr)" id="last-ret_expr-agg_expr" defaultOpen>
    The value of `ret_expr` where `agg_expr` is the maximum
    value (e.g. `LAST(product_id, cost)` returns the product
    ID of the highest cost product). `LAST(a, b)` is equivalent to
    `ARG_MAX(b, a)`.
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>