> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.kinetica.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# UNPIVOT

<a id="sql-unpivot" />

<a id="sql-unpivot" />

The `UNPIVOT` clause can be used to [unpivot](/content/concepts/unpivot)
columns, "rotating" row values into column values, creating longer, more
normalized tables from shorter, more denormalized tables.

```sql title="UNPIVOT Syntax" theme={null}
<select statement>
UNPIVOT
(
    <value_column> FOR <var_column> IN (<column list>)
)
```

For example, given a source table `customer_contact`, which lists the home,
work, & cell phone numbers for each customer in the table, an *unpivot*
operation can be performed, creating separate home, work, & cell phone records
for each customer.

With this data:

```UNPIVOT Input theme={null}
+--------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
| name   | home_phone     | work_phone     | cell_phone     |
+--------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
| Jane   | 123-456-7890   | 111-222-3333   |                |
| John   | 123-456-7890   |                | 333-222-1111   |
+--------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
```

The following *unpivot* operation can be applied:

```sql UNPIVOT Example theme={null}
SELECT *
FROM
(
    SELECT
        name,
        Home_Phone AS Home,
        Work_Phone AS Work,
        Cell_Phone AS Cell
    FROM
        example.customer_contact
)
UNPIVOT (
    phone_number FOR phone_type IN (Home, Work, Cell)
)
```

The data will be unpivoted into a table like this:

```UNPIVOT Output theme={null}
+--------+----------------+--------------+
| name   | phone_number   | phone_type   |
+--------+----------------+--------------+
| Jane   | 123-456-7890   | Home         |
| John   | 123-456-7890   | Home         |
| Jane   | 111-222-3333   | Work         |
| John   | 333-222-1111   | Cell         |
+--------+----------------+--------------+
```

<Info>
  If the original column names can be used as the values of the unpivot
  key, as is, the pre-selection and renaming of those columns using a subquery
  in the `FROM` clause can be eliminated.

  For example, unpivoting without aliasing the quarterly grade columns will
  result in those exact column names being used as the quarter values:
</Info>

```sql UNPIVOT without Aliases Example theme={null}
SELECT *
FROM example.student_grade
UNPIVOT
(
    grade FOR quarter IN (q1_grade, q2_grade, q3_grade, q4_grade)
)
```

```UNPIVOT without Aliases Output theme={null}
+--------------+-------------+------------+
|   student_id |       grade | quarter    |
+--------------+-------------+------------+
|            1 |   80.0      | q1_grade   |
|            2 |   82.0      | q1_grade   |
|            3 |   73.0      | q1_grade   |
|            1 |   90.0      | q2_grade   |
|            3 |   77.0      | q2_grade   |
|            1 |   85.0      | q3_grade   |
|            2 |   87.0      | q3_grade   |
|            3 |   97.0      | q3_grade   |
|            1 |   95.0      | q4_grade   |
|            2 |   92.0      | q4_grade   |
+--------------+-------------+------------+
```